Table 2 Factors associated with awareness of cervical cancer among women of reproductive age in Benin and Zimbabwe, sub-Saharan Africa
Variable | Benin | Zimbabwe | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Adjusted odds ratio (95%CI) | P | Adjusted odds ratio (95%CI) | P | |
Age (years) of respondent (ref: 15–19) | ||||
 20–24 | 1.99 (1.42–2.78) | < 0.001* | 1.77 (1.46–2.14) | < 0.001* |
 25–29 | 2.51 (1.72–3.67) | < 0.001* | 2.80 (2.24–3.51) | < 0.001* |
 30–34 | 2.48 (1.62–3.80) | < 0.001* | 3.89 (3.06–4.93) | < 0.001* |
 35–39 | 2.74 (1.78–4.25) | < 0.001* | 4.49 (3.44–5.85) | < 0.001* |
 40–44 | 3.91 (2.47–6.17) | < 0.001* | 4.58 (3.45–6.09) | < 0.001* |
 45–49 | 3.11 (1.96–4.95) | < 0.001* | 5.01 (3.61–6.96) | < 0.001* |
Residential status (ref: Urban) | ||||
 Rural | 0.80 (0.64–0.99) | 0.043* | 0.80 (0.62–1.03) | 0.084 |
Education level (ref: None) | ||||
 Primary | 1.34 (1.01–1.81) | 0.049* | 1.50 (0.93–2.40) | 0.097 |
 Secondary | 2.53 (1.70–3.78) | < 0.001* | 2.91 (1.78–4.76) | < 0.001* |
 Higher | 4.19 (2.36–7.44) | < 0.001* | 6.34 (2.98–13.46) | < 0.001* |
Religious belief (ref: Christianity) | ||||
 Islam | 0.65 (0.50–0.86) | 0.002* | 0.50 (0.19–1.33) | 0.165 |
 Traditional/others | 0.85 (0.64–1.13) | 0.258 | 0.94 (0.74–1.19) | 0.606 |
Literacy (ref: Cannot read at all) | ||||
 Able to read only part of sentence | 0.88 (0.59–1.31) | 0.526 | 1.93 (1.43–2.59) | < 0.001* |
 Able to read whole sentence | 1.12 (0.78–1.59) | 0.545 | 1.63 (1.27–2.08) | < 0.001* |
Frequency of reading newspaper/magazine (ref: Not at all) | ||||
 Less than once a week | 0.99 (0.73–1.35) | 0.968 | 1.68 (1.43–1.96) | < 0.001* |
 At least once a week | 0.70 (0.48–1.03) | 0.068 | 1.59 (1.28–1.98) | < 0.001* |
Frequency of listening to radio (ref: Not at all) | ||||
 Less than once a week | 1.07 (0.83–1.38) | 0.608 | 1.07 (0.92–1.26) | 0.365 |
 At least once a week | 1.21 (0.96–1.52) | 0.100 | 1.59 (1.37–1.84) | < 0.001* |
Frequency of watching television (ref: Not at all) | ||||
 Less than once a week | 1.50 (1.16–1.93) | 0.002* | 1.14 (0.94–1.38) | 0.194 |
 At least once a week | 1.44 (1.10–1.89) | 0.008* | 1.05 (0.87–1.27) | 0.586 |
Frequency of using internet (ref: Not at all) | ||||
 Less than once a week | 2.40 (1.25–4.59) | 0.008* | 1.68 (1.02–2.76) | 0.042* |
 At least once a week | 1.83 (1.17–2.84) | 0.008* | 1.52 (1.06–2.20) | 0.023* |
 Almost every day | 2.77 (1.96–3.93) | < 0.001* | 1.90 (1.50–2.39) | < 0.001* |
Wealth quintile (ref: Poorest) | ||||
 Poorer | 0.88 (0.60–1.30) | 0.529 | 1.20 (1.01–1.43) | 0.050* |
 Middle | 1.09 (0.75–1.58) | 0.660 | 1.30 (1.08–1.57) | 0.007* |
 Richer | 1.06 (0.72–1.53) | 0.766 | 1.45 (1.13–1.88) | 0.004* |
 Richest | 1.21 (0.81–1.82) | 0.356 | 1.68 (1.20–2.34) | 0.002* |
Marital status (ref: Never in union) | ||||
 Currently in union/living with a man | 0.86 (0.65–1.15) | 0.321 | 1.95 (1.63–2.33) | < 0.001* |
 Formerly in union/lived with a man | 1.05 (0.68–1.60) | 0.832 | 1.83 (1.42–2.36) | < 0.001* |
Occupation (ref: Not working) | ||||
 Professional/technical/managerial | 1.74 (1.20–2.54) | 0.004* | 2.24 (1.27–3.95) | 0.005* |
 Sales | 1.45 (1.11–1.91) | 0.007* | 1.17 (0.98–1.39) | 0.080 |
 Agricultural | 0.63 (0.41–0.95) | 0.028* | 1.08 (0.86–1.35) | 0.521 |
 Services | 1.84 (1.35–2.50) | < 0.001* | 1.27 (0.98–1.65) | 0.074 |
 Skilled manual | 0.91 (0.63–1.31) | 0.628 | 0.89 (0.60–1.33) | 0.583 |
Geographical region (ref: 1) | ||||
 2 | 2.09 (1.24–3.51) | 0.005* | 1.62 (1.26–2.08) | < 0.001* |
 3 | 1.47 (0.90–2.40) | 0.127 | 1.39 (1.07–1.81) | 0.014* |
 4 | 0.22 (0.10–0.46) | < 0.001* | 1.52 (1.17–1.95) | 0.001* |
 5 | 2.54 (1.55–4.17) | < 0.001* | 0.74 (0.58–0.94) | 0.016* |
 6 | 2.08 (1.22–3.57) | 0.007* | 0.60 (0.47–0.78) | < 0.001* |
 7 | 1.22 (0.68–2.19) | 0.507 | 0.93 (0.73–1.18) | 0.533 |
 8 | 1.93 (1.18–3.19) | 0.009* | 0.93 (0.74–1.18) | 0.576 |
 9 | 1.53 (0.88–2.67) | 0.131 | 1.66 (1.23–2.23) | 0.001* |
 10 | 0.78 (0.46–1.33) | 0.373 | 0.89 (0.66–1.21) | 0.465 |
 11 | 0.66 (0.35–1.24) | 0.202 |  |  |
 12 | 1.67 (1.01–2.77) | 0.048* |  |  |